Palestinian Revolution (by Rodolfo Walsh ) This work Rodolfo Walsh was published in the daily "Noticias", in June 1974. Here also the subsequent controversy between Walsh and the then Ambassador the State of Israel in Argentina.
the Palestinian revolution
Rodolfo Walsh, sent News, was in Beirut on May 15 when a Palestinian commando hit Maalot. He walked the next day among the ruins of the Lebanese villages bombed by Israeli aircraft. Interviewed the leaders of the Palestinian resistance and had earlier pressed the dominant feeling in Cairo, Damascus, Algiers. In his view, the agreements will not seal handled by Kissinger in the Middle East peace. The explanation lies in the Palestinian people expelled from their land and in the revolutionary wave that shook this town. That revolution is the theme of the series beginning to publish news. THREE
Millions of Palestinians stripped OF QUESTIONING EVERYTHING UNDER YOUR COUNTRY IN THE MIDDLE EAST PEACE
- What is your name?
- Zaki.
- How old are you?
- Seven.
- Live your father?
- died.
- What was your father?
- Fedai.
- What will you be when you grow up?
- Fedai.
The blond boy shaved head and pinstripes to give these answers in a school for orphans in southern Beirut, Lebanon, summarizes the best alternative, which after 26 years of frustration remaining three million Palestinians dispossessed of their homeland: to become in fedayeen, fighters of the Palestinian revolution. "Palestinians? I do not know what that means, "he said on one occasion the former prime minister of Israel, Golda Meir. Effectiveness is known illusory argument, used in Algeria, Vietnam, Portuguese colonies, to deny the existence of their liberation movements. Mujahedeen? Connait pas. Liberation Front? Never Heard of it. FRELIMO? Nao conhece. The enemy does not exist and everything is in order. Each of these denials has been running a river of blood but has not stopped historia.Desde a quarter of a century the official policy of the State of Israel is to pretend that the Palestinians are Jordanians, Egyptians, Syrians and Lebanese who have become crazy and say they are Palestinians, but also seek to return to the land of who left "voluntarily" in 1948, they were removed or not so voluntarily in the wars of 1956 and 1967. They can not, they turn to terrorism. Are ultimately "Arab terrorists". It is useless in the Middle East, these arguments have been dismantled, reduced to its last inconsistency. Israel is the West and the West lie circulates as truth until the day he becomes militarily insostenible.La sheet 1974 of this story has not yet been folded and already has several bloody lines: Keriat Shmonet, Kfair, Maalot, Nabatyé. It is difficult to understand if you ignore the sheets 1967, 1948, 1917, and earlier still, even those out of the history and sink in the literature religiosa.EN THE BEGINNING WAS ... First, they say, were the caanitas and then were the Jews. Missing thousand years for the birth of Christ when Saul founded his kingdom, which later split in two. Almost 2700 years ago the kingdom of Israel was killed by the Assyrians. 2560 years ago the kingdom of Judah was cleared by the Babylonians, and in the year 70 AD the Romans razed Jerusalem. These are the historical precedents of the State of Israel, its title to Palestina.El Shah of Iran could claim similar titles based on the Persian invasion of the sixth century BC, the Greek military junta might recall that Alexander occupied Palestine in 331, Paul VI agreed that in 1099 founded the Catholic Crusader kingdom of Jerusalem. Arab historians themselves have pointed out derisively that caanitas who occupied Palestine before the Hebrews, came from the Arabian peninsula and were, therefore, "Arabs". With the destruction of Jerusalem, they say, began the Jewish Diaspora, the dispersion. Since then, according to modern legend, the Jews wandered in the world waiting to return to Palestine. How many actually returned? English historians assert that in the sixteenth century lived in Palestine less than 4,000 Jews in the eighteenth century, 5,000, and by mid-century, 10,000. It is only at the end of the century when some Jews began to consider the massive return, and when that return assumes a political form and ideology: Zionism. Why? A LATE RESULT OF CAPITALISMOUna possible answer to that question came from the Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz. It was written in 1944, his last year of life, a 26-year Marxist Jew, Abraham Leon: "Zionism, which seeks to draw its origin from the past two millennia, is actually the product of the last stage of capitalism" in this phase, all European nationalisms have built their state and do not need to Jewish bourgeoisie who helped build them, but now is an annoying competitor for native capitalism. "Suddenly" arises in those countries Semitic chauvinism and become integrated undesirable aliens Jews over the centuries to their life, which, as Leo says, "had so little interest in returning to Palestine as the American millionaire today" . The persecution of the nineteenth century most affecting the Jewish middle class to upper class, whose representatives were noticeable to achieve a new level integration of financial capital internacional.Aquellos persecuted European Jews in capitalism discovered the real cause of their ills is integrated into the revolutionary movements of their real countries. Zionism obviously did not and was configured as an ideology of the petty bourgeoisie, however, encouraged by those bankers, like Rothschild, saw the wave coming and they wanted their "brothers" were as far as possible. At the end of last century this ideology found its prophet in a Budapest journalist, Theodore Herzl, his program in the resolutions of the Congress of Basel in 1897 and Organization tool Sionista.El return to Palestine faced however with the disadvantage of the country was occupied by a population of 500,000 inhabitants, that since the conquest seventh-century Islamic árabe.Los founders of Zionism was denied the problem. In 1898 Herzl made a trip to Palestine and prepared a report which contained no Arab word. Palestine was a land without people where people should go without land. The Palestinian became "invisible man" of the Middle East. Some reached yet to discover. The French writer was Max Nordau and Herzl Day said in amazement: "But in Palestine is Arab" and added: "We will commit an injustice." ZIONISM IN HALF A CENTURY REPLACED THE ARAB POPULATION OF PALESTINE by European immigrants, "Palestine is my country, "says Ihsan. "I was never in Palestine, "he says," but I'll return because our commands are fighting to return. "My father died in the Djelili Abar," says Naifa. "The death of my father does not hurt, because he died for us." "My father's name was Salah," says Randa. "He was fighting and died." None of the 480 orphans of the Garb Suq school, south of Beirut, Palestine had been otherwise than through the eyes of the father muerto.En the classroom the girls stood up to greet the visitors coming from far away. On the blackboard was an inscription in Arabic. I asked what it said. He said: "History Palestine ". The idea of \u200b\u200bthe Jewish state emerged at the end of last century, as the last project of a European state when it no longer existed in Europe for a new place estado.Ese state should therefore be installed outside of Europe and the place was East . The contradiction was "resolved" through ideology, Zionism, and ideology was fed in the biblical myth and the simulation of Palestine was deshabitada.Históricamente, these mental constructs produce victims. In 1900 there were 500,000 Palestinian Arabs and 30,000 Jews. If in 1974 there are three million and 350,000 Israeli Arabs, you do not ask where están las víctimas: están afuera de Palestina, expulsadas de su patria.Conviene recordar –porque es la cuestión de fondo– cómo se produce ese trasvasamiento sin precedentes en que la población de un país es reemplazada por otra.Los primeros inmigrantes no provocaron la desconfianza de los árabes. En 1883 los habitantes de Sarafand recibieron a los colonos que llagaban con estas palabras. “Desde tiempo inmemorial somos hermanos de nuestros vecinos, los hijos de Israel, y viviremos con ellos como hermanos”. Ocho años después sin embargo los notables de Jerusalén pidieron al imperio otomano, que gobernaba Palestina, que prohibiera la inmigración judía, y en 1898 los árabes de Transjordania violently expelled judía.A colony despite official bans immigration continued, using the corruption of Turkish officials and absentee Arab landowners who sold their land. In 1907 he established the first kibbutz collective farm from the beginning excluded the Arab worker. When in 1914 the Turks made their first and last census in Palestine was that it had 690,000 inhabitants, of whom 60,000 were Jews. That year the World War gave great oportunidad.INGLATERRA Zionism GIVE PALESTINAForeign Office, November 2, 1917.Querido Lord Rothschild: I have much pleasure to convey, on behalf of Her Majesty's Government, the following statement of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to Cabinet and approved by him. "The government of His Majesty viewed with sympathy in the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use its best efforts to facilitate compliance this goal, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. "" I should be grateful put this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation. "This piece of paper, seemingly harmless, is the foundation modern State of Israel. It is known as the Balfour Declaration, and is signed by the Chancellor inglés.Dos years after Balfour said what he meant: "Zionism, good or bad, is much more important than the desires and prejudices of the 700,000 Arabs who now inhabit that ancient land ... in Palestine we do not fill even the formality of consulting the wishes of the present inhabitants of the country. "Two years before the Declaration, Britain had promised to the Sharif Hussein, the independence of Arab countries in exchange for their help in the war against Turkey, an ally of Germany. And indeed soldiers were Arabs who settled rule Ottoman Middle Oriente.La Balfour declaration came after, and after the war formed the basis for the decision of the League of Nations became a British mandate Palestine. In drafting this document involved the World Thereafter Sionista.A immigration grew uncontrollably, organized by the Jewish Agency, which was part of the administration británica.Cuando the English made their first census in 1922 had 760,000 inhabitants in Palestine , of which just over 80,000 were Jews, or 11%. That proportion had risen in 1931 to 16 in 1936 to 28%. That year there would be the first rebellion Palestine against the British, which lasted three years and cost thousands of muertos.MANUAL OF COLONIALISMOTodavía in 1917 David Ben Gurion said that "in a historical and moral sense" Palestine was a country "without inhabitants." Ben Gurion was aware that 90% of the inhabitants were Arabs simply said that there was no historical or moral beings. Around the same time, as related Fanon, the French professors at the University of Algiers, the Algerian seriously taught were more like monkeys than the hombres.Este train of thought, taken to its practical conclusions can be found in the founder himself of Zionism, Theodore Herzl. "The building of the Jewish state, "wrote" can not be made by archaic methods. Suppose we want to exterminate the wild animals of a region. Clearly we will not go with a bow and arrow to keep track of the beasts, as they did in the fifteenth century. Collectively organize a great hunt, well prepared, and releasing wild animals kill each other high-explosive bombs. "Some settlers admitted that Palestinians were men, but more like the Redskins. "Who said he asked in 1921 the Zionist Organization of Great Britain, that the colonization of an underdeveloped country should be done with the consent of its inhabitants? If so ... a bunch of Reds reign in the limitless space of America. "ONE MORE GHETTO Grandel colonial mentality deeply marked the establishment of Jewish immigration into Palestine. Gated communities were formed, exclusive, where Arabic was an intruder. The resale of land to the Arabs became sin that Jewish terrorist organizations sangrientamente.Aún punished at the level of working class installed a perversion of consciousness that makes the first Arab worker immigrant competitor, after the enemy, finally victim. The Histadrut, Jewish trade union, no support in their midst, the boycotts, bans Jewish businesses to purchase materials worked by árabes.David Hacohen, a member of the Histadrut and years after the Israeli parliament, recalled the difficulties he had to explain to other "socialist" English "In our country one indoctrinated housewives home not to buy anything to the Arabs, are picketing citrus plantations that no Arab can work on them, pours oil over the tomatoes Arabs, attacks on the market at the Jewish woman who has bought eggs to an Arab and breaks them in the basket ... "The racial pride that society is shaped in complete isolation, as if all the ghettos of the world come together with a larger ghetto, but this time deliberately confined itself mismo.Simón Luvich, Israeli exile in London, recalls with amazement the time of his childhood: "For us, the Arabs were a minority of exotic species, sometimes down from the mountains with their kufeyas ... never understood what it was, because we saw. "Galili, Israel's minister of information, still without seeing them in 1969:" We do not consider the country's Arab ethnic group or a people distinct national character. If blindness not to see what exists, the blindness is attributable blood has flowed and will continue running in Palestina.EN 1947, A RESOLUTION OF THE UNITED NATIONS REMOVED THE PALESTINIAN RIGHT TO HAVE A Israeli PATRIAEl boasts to be the world's top representative in the history of the Diaspora ... But who has to an extent the feeling of exile , becomes completely incapable of understanding that others can have that same feeling. It is cruel to say that the behavior of the Israeli Zionists with the original people of Palestine is similar to the Nazi persecution of the Jews. (Mahmud Darwis, Palestinian poet). The British mandate over Palestine after World War I allowed to fulfill the promise contained in the Balfour Declaration of 1917, to establish a "national home" Jew in a territory populated by Arabs. Mandate for Zionism was an intermediate step necessary before establishing its own population in Palestine as the basis of the Jewish state, a permanent objective behind the facade of "national home". Britain favored the project until the imminence of the Second World War world made him see that the risk that the Arab peoples were aligned with Germany. The false promises of 1915 were renewed in May of that year 1939.En the British government published a White Paper which reiterated that it intended to impose the Jewish nationality to the Palestinian Arabs, promising limiting to 75,000 the number of immigrants over the next five years, from 1944, not to admit new immigrants without the explicit consent of árabes.El White Paper was a belated and ineffective product of English colonialism. In the first 20 years in office the proportion of Jewish residents in Palestine increased from 10 to 30%. Only in 1935 had entered more than 60,000 settlers, in 1940 the Jewish population was approaching half millón.ACEITANDO THE Fusillo heads of the Jewish Agency conceived from the beginning of immigration as an "armed colonization" and built a semi-clandestine organization, the Haganah, from which it seceded in 1935 right-wing terrorist outbreak, the Irgun, whose motto was a map of Palestine and Transjordan crossed by an armed wing and a rifle with the slogan Hebrew Rak Kach (Only then). Initially, these organizations were limited to ensure through terror effect of anti-Arab boycott, but from 1939 began to prepare for combat, also to the British. Interestingly one of these preparations consisted of the massive influx of Jews in the British army: the end of the second war would number 27,000 men, which would be the core of the Israeli army for the final showdown in two stages: the English and against the PUSH árabes.EL NAZIEl outbreak of war brought to a head the persecution of Jews in Germany and provided a new argument for immigration to Palestine. Ben Gurion summarized in these terms the meaning and limits of the alliance between Zionism and Britain: "We will fight with Britain in this war as if the White Paper does not exist, and fight against the White Paper as if there was war ". In practice this meant disregarding the restrictive provisions of the White Paper and increase illegal immigration, even defying the British blockade. Ships laden with European immigrants fleeing the Nazis began to reach the Palestinian beaches. When in 1940 the British tried to return the shipment of two boats, the ship that was transporting Homeland confined to Mauritius, jumped into pieces at the port of Haifa. They killed 250 people, mostly women and children. Although Zionism claimed that the refugees themselves blew up the country, world opinion was outraged at the insensitivity británica.Recién 18 years after a member of the Zionist Action Committee, Rosenblum, revealed that the country had been blown up by the Haganah, without consulting victims. "With our own hands assassinate our children," wrote Rosenblum.LLEGAN AMERICANS 1942, the center of gravity of Zionism had moved from Britain to the United States. On 11 May of that year the American Zionist Organization published a manifesto which was then known as the Baltimore program. Raised four demands: the end of the Mandate, the recognition of Palestine as a Jewish sovereign state, the creation of a Jewish army, the formation of a government judío.En Jerusalem, the Jewish Agency adopted the Program of Baltimore as an official policy of Zionism and Mandate untied. Britain had completed its cycle. Still going to fight rearguard actions, condemned in advance, but would leave the Middle East, and India, as in Ireland, the seed of a conflict inagotable.Los Americans took over from the British and not left up in 1945 hoy.Cuando Nazism collapsed and opened the doors of the concentration camps, gas chambers, the pathetic remains of an endless carnage - a feeling of horror shook European Europa.Los have a unique ability to project their own demons to distant scenes. Many French believe that the atrocities of Hitler are different from their own crimes in Indochina and Algeria: Englishmen who have not heard of Kenya are afraid of Stalin's persecutions, and some Italians are convinced that fascism was born in agreement Argentina.De with this scheme, extermination of the Jews was to be purged not in the place where it happened, but in the Middle East, not because of who he was executed or allowed only by people who had nothing to ver.El project of a Jewish state in Palestine thus became global outcry and Zionist leaders exploited it quietly. The 225,000 survivors of concentration camps were channeled to Palestine to increase a population already at the end of the war amounted to 32%. In the meantime, prepare for war. Had not dissipated the smoke over the ruins of Berlin and had unearthed the full horror of Auschwitz, when David Ben Gurion, future head of the State of Israel, the U.S. negotiated the purchase of arms heavy and the reorganization of the military-Haganah NACIÓNUna norteamericanos.NACE A brilliant campaign of terror against the British precipitated the epilogue. In February 1947 Britain announced that, under these conditions, was not willing to continue to govern Palestine, and returned to the United Nations the mandate given to him by the League of Naciones.La UN Assembly discussed the issue and seven months finally developed a solution worthy of Solomon. " Palestine would be divided into two states: one Jewish, one árabe.En that time there were 1,200,000 Palestinian Arabs and 600,000 Jews. Palestinians owned 94% of Jewish land and 6%. The Plan Partition of the United Nations divided the country into two. In one, which would become the State of Israel, and covering 60% of the best arable land, there were 500,000 Jews and 400,000 Palestinians. In the remaining 40%, which never became a state, and which is now part of Israel, there were 800,000 Palestinians and 100,000 judíos.El resulting map is a remarkable exercise of topology in which both countries are superimposed, with passageways and corridors communicate separate regions. What the map does not say is that half of the Palestinian lands came under Israeli jurisdiction, and that thousands of cases in the Arab village was separated from the land they their habitantes.El November 29, 1947, by a majority of two thirds who headed the United States and the Soviet Union, the Assembly of the UN adopted the Partition Plan and triggered the misfortune of the Palestinian people, genocide, exodus and the Americans vote guerra.En pushed to the limit to the docile Asian and Latin American governments. A U.S. company bought the worldwide view of the vote in an African country. U.S. Defense Secretary James Forrestal, who was not likely to be shocked, could write: "The methods that have been used in the General Assembly to pressure and coerce other nations bordering the scandal." So Israel was born. But the story did not end. The day after the vote, Zionism threw the full weight of terror to deprive the Arabs of the territories that he had left Partición.EL Plan ZIONIST TERROR AND THE PALESTINIAN EXODUS. THE SLAUGHTER of Deir Yassin, EXEMPLARY MODEL SAT "For three days, from 11 to 13 December attack in Haifa and Jaffa, and Yazur Tireb. Attack and returned to attack in Jerusalem ... The enemy casualties in dead and enemies were very high. "This describes Menachem Begin, the leader of the Irgun, the beginning of the seven-month war that rocked Palestine in 1947-48.The objective of these attacks were no longer Englishmen. November 29 United Nations voted to partition Palestine and Britain announced on May 14, 1948 that it was withdrawing its latest white tropas.El offensive involving the Haganah, the Irgun and the Stern Gang was the Palestinian population, disarmed and disorganized . In September 1946 the Haganah had characterized the Irgun and the Stern Gang as "organizations that make their living by gangsters, smuggling, drug trafficking, large-scale, armed robbery, the black market. This sum of insults actually expressing political differences and method. While the Haganah, the armed wing of the Jewish Agency, was defined as "socialist" and sought image of respectability, the Irgun evolved into fascist positions now holds the Herut party, led by the same Begin and the Stern Gang was a group of desperate ultraderecha.A Despite spectacular actions of the Irgun, Haganah was always organizing greater weight and from that came the leaders today, the State appeared Israel.com commander Moshe Sneh. The real head was Ben Gurion, then prime minister, and their leaders included Moshe Dayan, until recently, Defense Minister and current Prime Minister Itshak Rabin.Un Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the violence in Palestine in 1946 described the effective Haganah: Regional force reserve of 40,000 settlers, a field army of 16,000, and a task force, the Palmach, which ranged between 2,000 and 6.000.El Irgun had 3,000 to 5,000 fighters, the Banda Stern about by acid 300.Separadas disputes, these three forces converged quickly to the announcement of the British withdrawal, accepted the hegemony of the Haganah and implemented the so-called Plan D, which was to terrorize the Arab population in the period covered political vacuum since the vote of the UN and English and clean removal of Arabs and the Jewish state can occupy the whole of the Arab State provided for in the Plan of Partición.DEIR YASSINLas first combined operations Zionist organizations were unleashed in December 1947 on the road linking the two main bastions Jews: the coastal city of Tel Aviv and the Jewish quarter of Jerusalem. The road was flanked by Arab villages, equivalent to blocking Jerusalén.La first stage consisted of harassment operations against the villages and lasted until March 1948 and left 1700 dead. The large-scale offensive began on April 3 when the Palmach took by assault the village of Qastall, situated on a hill overlooking the Irgun carretera.Seis days later with the knowledge of the Haganah, he developed an operation to date Today appears to one hundred million Arabs as the symbol of horror: the assault and the slaughter of Deir Yassin Yassin.Deir was a small Arab village located five kilometers west of Jerusalem. I had some strategic importance and its people remained outside the war. On the morning of April 9, 200 troops of the Irgun and the Stern Gang in blood and fire went house to house, slaughtering 254 men, women and children, looted, raped, mutilated corpses and threw them into a common grave. "The bloodbath of Deir Yassin "he admitted after the Jewish writer Arthur Koestler," was the worst atrocity committed by the terrorists in his career. "Discourse on Method his book The Revolt, the author of the slaughter, Menachem Begin, said his motives. After Deir Yassin, said, "a limitless panic assaulted Arabs, who began to flee in safeguard of their lives. This flight mass exodus became mad and uncontrollable. Of the 800,000 Arabs living in the modern state of Israel, there were only 165,000. "Begin's view is confirmed by Koestler:" The Arab population panicked and fled their towns and villages launching the plaintive cry: Deir Yassin. Fled their homes leaving the last half-drunk coffee in the cup of china ". If the details of the slaughter at Deir Yassin deserve a separate treatment when discussing the role of terrorism in the Palestinian struggle, its political and military effects were evident enseguida.Tres days later the Palmach took Kolonia without a fight and blew one by one the Arab houses. Five villages were destroyed by the impact force of the Haganah before April 17 which left 350 dead. On April 21, said Begin, "all Jewish forces entered Haifa like a knife goes into the butter. The Arabs fled terrified shouting Deir Yassin. "Haifa was the second city of Palestine. Within a week, its population fell from 60,000 to 9.000.El April 25 the Irgun attacked Jaffa, the Arab town adjacent to Tel Aviv. Al first there was resistance, but then repeated the phenomenon: the Arabs fleeing by the tens of thousands. Here it was necessary to the example of Deir Yassin: the last defenders of Jaffa were shot on the ground, the survivors expelled with nothing, and dynamited houses a day after the Haganah otra.El took Acre. Enough a megaphone and the announcement of retaliation, that the exodus repitiera.Mientras these episodes were repeated in hundreds of villages and tens of thousands of Palestinian families wandered along the roads leading to Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, British troops found with singular indifference, merely to prevent the fledgling army Arab countries violated the borders of the new State of Israel.El May 14 the last columns of the English army marched to the sound of bagpipes in the streets of Jerusalem. In the first minute of 15, an exclamation of joy burst from the positions conquered by the Israelis was Chowsi Independencia.Nathan Day, a Jew who immigrated to Palestine in 1906, described the joy: "The old settlers of Palestine could tell which way we Jews, expel the Arabs from their towns and villages ... Here was a people who lived 1300 years in their own land. We came and turned the Arabs into tragic refugees. And still we dare to slander and defame, to blacken his name. Instead of feeling deeply ashamed of what we did, and try to amend all the evil we committed by helping these unfortunate refugees, we justify our terrible acts and even try to glorify. "PRODUCT OF THREE WARS AND PERSECUTION OF MANY PEOPLE STORES wait their turn, "where are you? - I'm from Jaffa .- Where does he live? - I live in a tent. And you, where are you? - I'm from Bulgaria .- Where does he live? - Live in Jaffa. (Arlette Tessier. "Dialogue in Gaza") "This is a transfer of the Haganah, intimidating the Arabs to abandon this district before 5:15 in the morning. Have mercy on their women and children in and out of this bloodbath. Get out on the road to Jericho, which is still open. If they stay, will the disaster. "He had not yet dawned on May 15, 1948, Independence Day of Israel, when dozens of trucks equipped with loudspeakers passed this message to the people árabes.El disaster that was not invoked hollow threat. The memory of the slaughter at Deir Yassin was joined in the minds of the Palestinians to dozens of towns and cities occupied by blood and fuego.El Dalat Plan D or Plan, implemented by the high command of the Haganah, which was folded the other two organizations -terrorist Irgun and Stern-includes thirteen military campaigns in order from 1 April (Operation Nachshon) and 14 May (Operations Ben Ami, Pitchfork and Schfilon). Eight of them developed out of Israel.El result of these operations was the occupation of Haifa, Jaffa, Beisan, Acre, Arab suburb of Jerusalem and other smaller towns and the "purification" of Ben Gurion proclaimed Galilea.Antes the State of Israel in Tel Aviv Museum beneath a portrait of Theodore Herzl the founder of Zionism, 400,000 Palestinians had already escaped. But in the early hours of 15 Israeli forces crossed the borders of the State overwhelmingly devoted Arabic by the Partition Plan A, which, thus, did not existir.Es then occurs, according to official Israeli history, rich in myths, "the invasion of five Arab armies powerful" against the defenseless state of Israel . THE COWBOY AND THE PIELROJADespués the war of 48, each side made its military balance. Only the Haganah, which in 1946 had 65,000 men (British source), and in 1948, 90,000 (Israeli source), had a year before the war with 10,000 rifles, 1,900 machine guns, 600 mortars and 768 machine guns, in this case the source is Ben Gurion. In the months before the Partition, this weapon was multiplied by the introduction "Underground" of a factory capable of producing 100 machine guns and 50,000 rounds per day. And on the eve of the war, Israeli agents smuggled by boat or plane thousands of rifles and machine guns checas.Fuentes Arabs consider its total forces by 21,000 poorly equipped men, with long lines of communications. In Egypt ruled the corrupt King Farouk, whose prime minister Nokrashy he had no interest in sending men to Palestine in defiance of the British still occupied the Suez Canal. In Iraq ruled by a puppet of the British Nuri as Said. Syria had independence from the French and his army did not exceed 3,000 men. The "army" Lebanese had only 1,000 reclutas.La only military force meritorious, the Arab Legion, trained 4,000 men gathered and led by British officers. The Foreign Office agreed with King Abdullah on the Legion was prevented from violating the Israeli border. (Abdullah paid after his betrayal at the hands of a Palestinian refugee) Under these conditions, the invasion of the "powerful Arab armies" in support of their Palestinian brethren was just a gesture desesperado.A Nevertheless, these forces achieved some initial successes, which axis was the blockade of Jerusalem, but on June 11 agreed to a truce that made them lose all the advantages gained. In less than a month, finished Haganah into a regular army, and when the 7 July fighting resumed, lasted just ten days. Now, the Arabs of Lydda were vencidos.EL MASSACRED the context of the defeat, it is the style of victory. On July 11, 1948, the Arab population of Lydda, who had surrendered to the Israelis, rose to notice the presence of a Jordanian tanks. The third regiment of the Palmach settled in hours insurrection, going house to house and shooting at everything that moved. According to Israeli sources, there were 250 deaths. According to Arab sources, between 500 and 1,700, of which 150 were shot in the Great Mosque converted in prison. The English writer Erskine Childers said that Israeli column entered the village firing in all directions, "the bodies of men, women and children were scattered in the streets, after this load relentlessly bright." And say who was leading the column : Moshe Dayan, a name that would historia.Tras the signing of the armistice, Israel was left with more than 3,500 square kilometers of Palestinian land, appropriated Faruk Gaza and the Hashemite monarchy annexed the West Bank. Palestine ceased to exist. Nearly 900,000 Palestinians crowded into refugee camps in Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Gaza, feeding relief rations from the UN. An entire generation was born and grew up under the tents. In 1954 there were more than a million in 1956, 1,300,000. Another 500,000 had emigrated to Canada, Brazil and other países.En 1956 these exiles were passed between dust columns of Israeli tanks that were launched on the Sinai, while British and French occupied the Canal. Months after the 1967 regresar.En saw the god of war thunder once again in the squalid camps of the People of the Tiendas.LA ISRAELI PEACE "It was with reluctance that I saw on TV the scenes of Israel in those days of pride and ostentation the brutality of the conqueror, the outbursts of chauvinism; and the wild celebrations of the inglorious triumph, in contrast to the images of suffering and desolation Arabic, Jordanian refugee convoys and the bodies of Egyptian soldiers died of thirst in the desert. I looked at the figures of the medieval rabbis and khassidim jumping for joy at the Wailing Wall, and I felt like the ghosts of obscurantism that Talmudic-know-it piled up on the country and how Israel reactionary atmosphere became dense and stifling. "This is the comment of a Jewish writer, Isaac Deutscher, the brilliant campaign of the Six Days in June 1967, threw the Egyptian army across Suez Canal. Its glories have been sung enough. Among them figure probably not the expulsion of 250,000 Palestinians who remained in the West Bank and Gaza.En the void left by the long exodus Palestinian Israeli Peace was established. Italian math professor took him home to Arab shopkeeper. The English linguist built his on an area demolished. The painter stateless Quartier Latin was surrounded by an atmosphere "oriental." Argentine agronomist went to the kibbutz where there was no memory and the fellah that prepared him for thirteen centuries the earth as if there is land in the Argentina.ar THE ARMED RESISTANCE FOUND THE PALESTINIAN PEOPLE DENIED THEIR IDENTITY AT LAST FOR THE OCCUPATION "I'm Djebelia in the Gaza Strip. There were 16,000 concentrates. They took the houses, destroyed fields and shared everything. They want everything to change in appearance, that nothing is Arab. In older people, which was in 1948, do not let it back so they can not recognize the places. Encourage us to go, give us money so we go to richer countries. Go to Canada, Argentina, there will be all right! Maybe they have come from there, right? "Had a reputation for wild Djebelia. Those who were in Djebelia not give us work, they said they were dangerous. One day in 1969, they bombed us. Began at 10 am and shelled us until 5 pm. There were 500 deaths. Why? Because we are Palestinians. At night around the camp with tanks, do not let us out. And yet, they fear, I learned the Israeli and hear them talk. When passed in a jeep, the jeep will sitting around, pointing in different directions. "The boy laughed. We are in Barashne Borje camp south of Beirut, capital of Lebanon, whose university has come to study. There are 20,000 refugees in this camp that is actually a village, a village almost exact copy of which is a few blocks from the town of Retirement: small-block houses with tin roofs, halls of the gutter material through which the water taps collective. And just as our villero, the Palestinian puts a plant, even a pot, in the minimum space I remember the field that either pertenecen.Después differences. There are no roads, only corridors in the Middle East because the space is different than in Argentina: Lebanon it twice in the province of Tucumán. But another difference that at first barely noticeable, is penetrating as the essential truth of the camp. Are the khaki-clad men sitting in monitoring strategic heights with AK on his knees crossed, is the local militia leader who comes to meet us, is the wooden door of a house where the refugee has painted the entire living to high the red flag, green, white and black Palestinian resistance in the flag and its name in Arabic. Administratively, the camp depends on the UN. Politically, the word is Fatah.LA LIGHT hopefully an office in Beirut, Abu Hatem, a member of Fatah Central Committee (acronym for Palestine National Liberation Movement) listed before the news sent stages of the Resistance. "The first stage, before 1965, was in preparation and organization. We concluded that armed struggle was the only solution for the Palestinian people, and since then we started to implement it. It was a time fraught with difficulty: we had many enemies ... It was not just Israelis but also imperialism and the reactionary elements in Arab countries. Our first martyr, Ahmed Musa was killed by the Jordanian army to cross the border with Israel. "Our military operations were one of the reasons the Israelis claimed to trigger the 1967 war. But there Arab countries were defeated and created a climate of defeat. It was important to end this climate, so, just after the war, we resumed hostilities. That was on August 28, 1967. "In four months, we launched 79 operations inside Palestine, put out of action for over 300 Zionist military flew two trains, shot down three helicopters, destroyed fifty vehicles, we blow up explosives depot with bazookas Acre and bombed the suburbs of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. "The price was hard: we lost 46 men, of whom half were pictures of driving. "But across the Arab world that Fatah activity was perceived as a beacon of hope, which was enlarged March 21, 1968, when we took the battle of Al Karameh. KARAMEHSi THE SIGN Deir Yassin is for Palestinians the memory overwhelms and angry, Al Karameh symbolizes the recovery of denied identity after the defeat, confiscation, persecution and exile. Says a fighter: "In that time, our problem was to obtain a permanent basis. In the June war we lost the foundation for Gaza and West Bank. Then we started to seep into Jordan, separately, one or two. Thus was formed the base of Al Karameh in the camp of that name that existed since 1948. We collected 500 fighters in the area. From there we launched an escalation operation. "The Jordanian government wanted us out, but did not dare. The Israelis began to bored. At last planned a retaliatory operation in large scale, to crush. Concentrated 15,000 troops, with tanks. But they were so proud of the victory of June, so sure that nobody could resist them, who did not security measures. We found out 48 hours before the operation. "We call on all Palestinian organizations we discussed whether we should deal with the attack or retreat. Some said that the principles of the banned guerrilla front shock, if the enemy attacks in force, we will stand down, all those things. "Fatah said it was all true, but here it was the fundamental policy framework: the defeat Arabic, desperate people. Fatah decided to give battle, all or nothing. Only with us a small organization, the Palestine Liberation Army. "With these distribute the 500 fighter. It was an ambush, Al Karameh was flat land, with a population, a shantytown. Had to fight as he could. Throughout the night we dug wells, buried us, and we expect the amanecer.LA STING AND THE DONKEY "At 5 in the morning the artillery preparation began after the tanks advanced. Came to march. Dayan brought journalists and told them they were going to lunch in Amman, the Jordanian capital. When I stop a tank with a bazukazo, then another, they were as surprised. They did not expect that. Retreated, then returned to advance. Now came with planes and helicopters in addition to the tanks. I resist trench by trench resist them until noon. "And in those seven hours on end, behind us was the Jordanian army, still. The officers watched the battle through his binoculars. King Hussein had ordered not to intervene, and officers watched: Arab official. "No one knows who gave the cry, who would not take it anymore. And suddenly the Jordanian army advanced, disobeying orders, he hung with us. That was at noon. "At eight o'clock the Israeli division started to withdraw. We could not believe it was the first time this happened, the first time in history. And when we move we saw the damage they had done, the tanks destroyed, abandoned equipment. "Current Hussein following photograph was captured in a tank. A Dayan when he was asked to lunch in Amman, and he replied that only the donkey will not budge. A Levy Eshkol asked what had happened, and he said the groups are looking for, you should wait a few bites. "That we did it bite us, and it cost us. It took 90 people, which are great when we only had 500 men. But Al Karameh changed everything, was a turning point. He showed them all the Arabs that they could defeat the Israeli army. "For us, the result was tremendous. Until then, Al Fatah was a strictly secret, a handful of men. The Battle of Al Karameh proved to the masses that were honest, we could become the knife and the victim and says one of our documents, "enter the battle to create everything from scratch, which the Palestinians could make a fist on burning coal, as our brother Abu Ammar (Arafat) "After the battle of Al Karameh thousands of Palestinians flocked to join Fatah, which was not yet ready to receive them, but had to open the doors. Other organizations have been enriched by the flow. A year later the Palestinian resistance was walking freely in Syria, had a radio station in Cairo, dominated almost Lebanon Jordania.Sobre this transient triumph was to swoop down the betrayal of King Hussein. Palestinian hopes burst into the streets of Amman, in the mountains of Jordan, before gradually reborn as a flame that is not destined to fade. "ZIONISM IS NOT ONLY THE ENEMY OF THE ARABS IS THE ENEMY OF ALL HUMANITY "- Fatah Fatah office in Beirut, Abu Hatem, a member of the Central Committee of the Organization, referred to the post-News Karameh, who in 1968 showed for the first time an Arab force could deal with the Israeli army . 'In Karameh, the Palestinian revolution created the circumstances of his own growth. The whole Arab world came to us. Conversely our enemy redoubled their efforts to destroy us. The Israelis attacked our bases and our camps, and the reactionary Arab governments as well. Those attempts culminated in Jordan in September 1970. Hussein's army attacked our bases and our villages with tanks and planes. "Crush but did not get killed many thousands of colleagues. The slaughter was resumed in July 1971. Jordan had to leave. "With the loss of our Jordanian bases, begins the fourth stage of our struggle. Initially our activity declined. We had to adopt a new policy focus Fatah force in the Occupied Territories themselves. The result was after a year, with the increase of operations. "Political action also increased the duplicate. The result is that today the world public opinion begins to understand that there is no stable agreement in the Middle East without the Palestinian people, there is no peace without Palestinian revolution. "Currently, all African countries, except of course the colonial waste recognize the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. In the Non-Aligned Conference in Algiers, last year, 72 states recognized the PLO. In other words, the relations of the Revolution Palestine with the rest of the world are growing day by day, and particularly with the socialist bloc headed by the Soviet Union. "Of course we did not stay in it. In the last war, the October, everyone knows, and especially the Israelis, that there were two fronts, but three: the Egyptian, Syrian and Palestinian. "PLO AND CNPFatah is the dominant force in the Palestinian guerrillas. Their leader Abu Ammar (Arafat) heads the PLO, since early June 1974, the Palestine National Council. But it is the only organization in the PLO Resistencia.En include, in addition to Fatah, the Popular Front led by Habash, the Democratic Front Hawathme (excision FP) and Saika, organization sirios.Después trained by Fatah, Saika is probably the largest military power, and FD, which is defined as a Marxist-Leninist, the largest political capacity, while the star of Habash, leaning the ultra-leftism seems declinar.Fuera the PLO is still the General Command of the FP split and directed by Ahmad Jibril, who rose to notoriety earlier this year with the operation of Kiryat Shmonet.El Palestinian National Council, CNP, the broader organization of the Revolution, includes not only the guerrilla organizations, but the mass fronts, delegates from the occupied territories and the migration and financial groups religiosos.A and Fatah leaders do not like the pictures or autobiographies. Trace its history is not easy. A document of the organization, dating back to 1969, admits that its creators were a group of intellectuals who published the magazine Our Palestine, before opting for armed struggle. At that point, his first concern was to finance the future organization without seeking help from the Arab governments, and the path they chose was unorthodox: "It's no secret that we use or do business in the oil-rich Arab region, as the Gulf. At first this created a special atmosphere around Fatah, but that does not discourage us ... because we knew that we privábamos to what is essential to save as much of our revenue for the movement. "Who were they? The names of war of any of them, Abu Ammar, Abu Iyad, Abu Ihad-known, but except for the first (Arafat), little is known of others. All three belong to the group but it was the Gulf to work. When in 1965 decided to launch the war, returned to Palestinian soil. Abu Ammar operated there in the West Bank, living like a blind half-pastor, with thick black glasses. Its designation as a "spokesman" of Fatah was a decision that did not participate. "We needed a man who could speak on behalf of Fatah. The Israeli press had begun to focus on the name of Abu Ammar, it was one of the leaders in the occupied territory, and a front row fighter ... The management met and appointed him spokesman. It was the only member of management who was not present. The decision was announced and he had to comply with the decision. "FATAH SPOKEN Although the origin of its founders, Fatah always put emphasis on the mass struggle, in addition to military action:" If only us address the armed struggle would be doomed to fail, because in military terms we start from a position of inferiority. But if only us address the political struggle also would be lost, because sooner or later clash with the reality that the enemy force dominates. The armed struggle is inseparable from the political struggle, and neglect of one or the other is tantamount to converting the revolutionary war in an adventure. "Accordingly, we do not differentiate between political action and military action, or sent to fight anyone but has been through the political organization. "What is the ultimate goal of Fatah? Its leaders have been saying it for years: the creation of a religious state and not Palestine. What is the situation of Jews in that state? "Fatah does not take up arms against the Jews. We accept Jews as Palestinian citizens in an equal footing with all the Arabs. Fatah takes up arms against Zionism and intends to liquidate, because Zionism is racist and fascist enemy, the enemy of all mankind and not just Arabs. "A reporter asked: - What would you do against a persecuted Jew anywhere in the world? Fatah replied: - I would give a gun and would fight to the Lebanese village lado.EL NAKED BOMBING THE ESSENCE OF TERRORISM THAT IS CALLED "RETALIATION" Again the rockets of the Phantom have battered villages Lebanon, a small country without an army or aviation and whose sin is to shelter to 300,000 Palestinians, one tenth of those expelled from their homeland by israelíes.Nuevamente refugee camps are described as "grassroots" guerrilla. I visited one of these camps, Nabatiyeh, the day after its almost total destruction by Israeli warplanes on 16 May this year. I saw small houses razed as a huge bulldozer, kitchen utensils strewn, women's clothing hanging from the trees was not a base.Esto calcinados.Eso does not mean that Lebanon, Syria, in any Arab country, there is no basis of fedaín. There but neither are visible, and home to a civilian population of thousands of souls, nor are helpless, nor are bombardeadas.Desde 25 years ago anticipating attacks Israel lives in a perpetual state of "retaliation." An advertisement that starts to become awkward describes every action of its forces in response to an act of terrorismo.En every opportunity that resurrects the story of terrorism, invoking Maalot, Kiryat Shmona, Lod, Munich. Between these acts and Nazi concentration camps established continuity, you go back to Czarist pogroms, to the timeless Jewish persecution. This process has lost sight of the whole truth: the Palestinian dispossessed of their homeland has become the aggressor, the victim verdugo.Se discussed methods. Why attack Palestinian schools? I've seen Nabatiyeh school, even with the rock. Why Palestinians throw grenades into a market! In Ain el Hue last week, was not even the market under Israeli bombs of 250 kilos.La discussion of the methods is one way of avoiding the discussion on the merits, why replace the still cómo.Pero secondary that discussion should not be shunned. "WHOSE IS THE TERROR? Let's Maalot, for example. Maalot Things did not start in the May 15, 1974, with the massacre of 22 Israeli students. Began on May 15, 1948, with the State of Israel. Because it was not called Maalot Maalot but Tarchiha, and it was a Jewish people, but an Arab village. Where is Tarchiha? Obliterated, erased from the Deir Yassin mapa.Volvamos to another Arab village Kfar Shaul buried today, a suburb of Jerusalem. April 9, 1948. Forces of the Haganah and the Irgun attacked the village, killing 254 people, dismember the corpses and throw them into a well. Hear the testimony of Colonel Meir Bail Israeli army, which took 24 years to speak: "The soldiers combed the house, throwing explosives inside and using all the weapons they had. They fired indiscriminately at everything that was inside, including women and children. Their officers did not lift a finger to stop the atrocities being committed. Along with other residents of Jerusalem, prayed that the soldiers were ordered to hold fire. It was useless. 25 men were loaded onto a truck, paraded through Jerusalem in "victory parade", taken to a quarry and shot in cold blood. "We go back to January 30, 1948. The village was called Sheikh. The method was the same. The dead, 60.Sa 'sa. February 14, 1948. 20 houses blown up with their inhabitants inside. 60 muertos.Recordemos to Lydda. July 11, 1948. The Haganah suppressed a popular uprising: 250 dead, according to Israeli sources, between 500 and 1700 according to sources árabes.14 October 1953. Jordanian shelling of villages, 75 dead. In Qibya neighbors are locked in their houses with machine gun fire, then dinamita.Franja is the Strip. February 8, 1955. Muertos.31 38 August 1955. Attack on Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip, 46 December 1955 muertos.11. Attack on Syrian villages. Once Khan Yunis muertos.Otra 50, April 1956. 275 muertos.10 October 1956. Attack on Jordanian villages. 48 muertos.Octubre 1956. Kafr Qasim. 51 villagers were killed by being away from home in a curfew were not avisados.13 November 1966. Attack on the villages of Gaza and Jordan. 200 muertos.Noviembre 1967. Karameh, Jordan. Children mortar attack that left a escuela.La list is endless. Between 1949 and 1964 Arab 63000 reported acts of aggression, between 1950 and 1966 United Nations Commission Armistice condemned 78 times the State of Israel. Then no one kept track, "retaliation" became costumbre.VUELTA AL ORIGENSi in the balance of terror in the Middle East, Israel has an advantage over all their adversaries, if the state of Israel itself was the work of terrorist organizations whether such organizations or updating invented most modern methods of terror-remember the assassination of Count Bernadotte, the King David Hotel bombing, the execution of British hostages, the letter bombs-in that does not end the discussion on methods. To restore the dissociated box, you must relink objetivos.El methods on terror is a method struggles that have used all revolutions and all reactions. Made the bows of practice to condemn the attitude that prefers "self" (as if there is something in itself), his humanity and his inhumanity depends on your goals. May our revolution was a terrorist. The general also Aramburu. With these details it is possible to refocus the terror in the Middle East, overcoming the barriers of a propaganda-coincidentally, is the Western imperialism, and decide who is the reason that the circumstances allow tener.El goal of Palestinian terrorism is to recover the homeland of the Palestinians who were dispossessed. In the most controversial of its operations, is that rest of legitimacy. Israeli terrorism was proposed to dominate a people condemned to poverty and exile. In the most reasonable of "reprisals", it appears that original sin.
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